F
or the past two decades, Nepal has seen rapid political changes. Until 1990, Nepal was a monarchy, running under the executive control of the king. Faced with the Communist movement against the absolute monarchy, King Birendra, in 1990, agreed to large-scale political reforms by creating a parliamentary monarchy with the king as head of state and prime minister as head of government. Nepal was also known for its recent rate of development, such as being one of the few countries in Asia to abolish the death penalty and the first country in Asia to make a decision in favor of same-sex marriage, which the government has a committee of seven people after a student is in control November 2008, the national Supreme Court, which ordered the full rights for people LGBT, including the right to marry.
The legislature was bicameral Nepal, consisting of the House of Representatives, called the Pratinidhi Sabha and the National Council, called the Rastriya Sabha. The House of Representatives consisted of 205 members directly elected by people. The National Council had 60 members: ten appointed by the king, 35 elected by the House of Representatives, and the preservation of 15 elected by an electoral college composed of the chairmen of the villages and towns. The legislature had a five-year term, but was soluble King before his term would expire. All Nepalese citizens 18 years and older were eligible to vote.
The head consisted of the King and the Council of Ministers (Cabinet). The leader of the coalition or party, reserve the maximum seats in the election, was appointed as Prime Minister. The Cabinet was appointed by King on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. Governments in Nepal tended to be very volatile, falling, or through internal collapse or parliamentary dissolution by the monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister, according to the constitution, no government survived for more than two years since 1991.
The movement in April 2006 caused a change in national governance: an interim constitution was proclaimed, with the King, throwing power, and the time the House of Representatives was formed with Maoist members after the new government pursued peace talks with Maoist rebels. The number of seats in parliament was also increased to 330. In April 2007, the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) joined the interim government of Nepal.
April 10, 2008, the first election in Nepal for the constitution assembly took place. The Maoist party led the poll results, but was not able to get a simple majority in parliament.
December 10, 2007, the interim parliament passed a bill that would make Nepal a federal republic, with the Prime Minister, becoming head of state. May 28, 2008, lawmakers in Nepal legally abolished the monarchy and declared the country a republic, ending 239 years of royal rule in the Himalayan nation. The newly elected assembly, led by former communist insurgents, decided at its first meeting by an overwhelming majority. King Gyanendra was given 15 days to leave the former Royal Palace in central Kathmandu, Nepal by the Constituent Assembly. June 11, he left the former Royal Palace.
June 26, 2008, the Prime Minister Dzhiridzha Prasad Koirela offered his resignation to the Nepalese Constituent Assembly, which also functions as the Nepali parliament, however, the new Prime Minister has yet to be elected to the Constituent Assembly of Nepal.
July 19, 2008, the first round of voting for the election of the president and vice-president took place in the Constituent Assembly. Parmanand Jha became the first vice-president of Nepal. However, the two presidential leader, Dr. Ram Baran Yadav of Nepali Congress and supported by the Maoist candidate Ram Prasad Singh Regge, both were not able to benefit, the minimum 298 votes needed to be elected, with Yadav receiving 283 votes and Singh receiving 270. 578 of 594 CA members registered in the list of voters, cast their votes, of which 24 were invalid.
July 21, 2008, a second round of voting was held. Yadav received 308 of these 590 votes, ensuring his election as president.
August 15, 2008, Maoist leader Prechenda (Pushpa Camel Dehel) was elected Prime Minister of Nepal, the first since the country's transition from monarchy to republic. May 4, 2009, Mr. Pushpa Camel Dehel resigned to the ongoing conflict on the dismissal of army chief.